Abstract Three-dimensional (3D) printing enables the production of anatomically matched
and patient-specific devices and constructs with high tunability and complexity. It also allows …

Three-dimensional (3D) printing enables patient-specific anatomical level productions with
high adjustability and resolution in microstructures. With cost-effective manufacturing for …

Abstract Different three-dimensional (3D) printing techniques are being increasingly used to
produce medical apparatus due to their ability to print intended designs with high …

Three‐dimensional (3D) printing refers to a number of manufacturing technologies that
generate a physical model from digital information. Medical 3D printing was once an …

ABSTRACT Three-dimensional (3D) printing as a powerful manufacturing platform has been
increasingly used in biomedical engineering over the past two decades. Such technologies …

Over the past 15 years, printers have been increasingly utilized for biomedical applications
in various areas of medicine and tissue engineering. This review discusses the current and …

4D printing can be defined as the fabrication of structures using smart materials that allow
the final object to change its shape, properties, or function in response to an external …

Abstract 3D printing is an additive manufacturing method that can build objects directly from
a computational model. Unlike traditional manufacturing methods such as milling and …

Abstract 3D Printing promises to produce complex biomedical devices according to
computer design using patient-specific anatomical data. Since its initial use as pre-surgical …

Highlights•The development of new printable biomaterials supports new medical
applications.•Implants are individualized to each patient's anatomy using additive …