Aquatic invertebrates are the organisms most susceptible to ammonia toxicity. However, the
toxic effects of ammonia on invertebrates are still poorly understood. This study reviews the …

Ammonia nitrogen is one of the important environmental factors, and causes negative effects
for fish health in ecosystem and aquaculture. The toxic effects and mechanisms of ammonia …

Ammonia is a major aquatic environmental pollutants. However, the underlying molecular
mechanism of ammonia-induced toxicity is not fully understood. In this study, we …

Ammonia is both a highly toxic environmental pollutant and the major nitrogenous waste
produced by ammoniotelic teleosts. Although the acute toxic effects of ammonia have been …

Excessive ammonia triggered negative effects on aquatic animals' health, growth, and mass
death, especially at different developmental periods. However, the underlying responses to …

Waterborne ammonia is becoming one of the most notorious pollutants in aquatic habitats
and has been shown to induce a range of ecotoxicological effects on aquatic animals. High …

The toxic effect of unionized ammonia (NH 3) on aquatic organisms is receiving increasing
attention due to the excessive nitrogen discharge to various surface waters. Researches …

Ammonia is a pollutant frequently found in aquatic ecosystems. In fish, ammonia can cause
physical damage, alter its behaviour, and even cause death. Exposure to ammonia also …

The delta smelt (Hypomesus transpacificus) is an endangered pelagic fish species endemic
to the Sacramento-San Joaquin Estuary in Northern California, which acts as an indicator of …

Ammonia is a major pollutant in aquatic environments and poses a considerable threat to
the survival of fish. In this study, we investigated the toxic effects of ammonia on the …