Background Acupuncture treatment possesses the neuroprotection potential to attenuate
cerebral ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been …

Background Estradiol has been shown to exert neuroprotective effects in several
neurodegenerative conditions, including cerebral ischemia. The presence of this hormone …

Abstract Background Ginsenoside compound K (CK) stimulated activation of the PI3K-Akt
signaling is one of the major mechanisms in promoting cell survival after stroke. However …

Abstract Background Ginkgetin, extracted from Ginkgo biloba L leaves, has been
demonstrated to have potential anti‐inflammatory and immune‐suppressive properties. But …

Introduction The underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of cerebral ischemia
reperfusion injury (CIRI) is intricate, and current studies suggest that neuron, astrocyte …

Objective Hypoxic‐ischemic brain damage (HIBD), frequently occurring in infancy and
childhood, is a major cause of mortality and severe neurologic impairment. This study was …

Introduction Intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating disease that leads to severe
neurological deficits. Microglia are the first line of defence in the brain and play a crucial role …

It has been well documented that the activation of c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase (JNK)
pathway and caspase-3 signal are involved in the delayed neuronal cell death in cerebral …

Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, and oxidative stress
plays a significant role in the ischemia stage and reperfusion stage. Previous studies have …

It has been reported that gap junction contributes to ischemic brain injury and gap junction
inhibitors improve neurological outcome in ischemic brain injury models. In the present …