This study introduces a flexible format for tolerogenic vaccination that incorporates IFN-β
and neuroantigen (NAg) in the Alum adjuvant. Tolerogenic vaccination required all three …

Low-zone IL-2 signaling is key to understanding how CD4+ CD25 high FOXP3+ regulatory T
cells (Tregs) exhibit dominance and overgrow conventional effector T cells (Tcons) that …

Neurons reprogramme encephalitogenic T cells (Tenc) to regulatory T cells (Tregs), either
FoxP3+ Tregs or FoxA1+ Tregs. We reported previously that neuronal ability to generate …

Cytokine-Ag fusion proteins represent a novel approach for induction of Ag-specific
tolerance and may constitute an efficient therapy for autoimmune disease. This study …

Background Tolerogenic vaccines represent antigen-specific interventions designed to re-
establish self-tolerance and thereby alleviate autoimmune diseases, which collectively …

The use of autoantigen-specific regulatory T cells (Tregs) as a cellular therapy for
autoimmune diseases is appealing. However, it is challenging to isolate and expand large …

Stimulation of naive T lymphocytes in the presence of IL-2 and TGF-β induces the regulatory
transcription factor Foxp3, which endows the cells with regulatory functions. To better …

The role of IFN‐γ in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases is controversial. Although
Th1 cells can induce experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), IFN‐γ can …

Forkhead box P3 (FOXP3)+ CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T (T Reg) cells have an important role
in limiting autoimmune tissue damage. However, the origin and function of T Reg cells at the …

To test a novel concept for the generation of tolerogenic vaccines, fusion proteins were
constructed encompassing a tolerogenic or biasing cytokine and the major encephalitogenic …