Background: Smokers are exposed to significant doses of carcinogens, including tobacco-
specific nitrosamines (TSNA). Previous studies have shown significant global differences in …

Introduction: The causal relationship between tobacco smoking and a variety of cancers is
attributable to the carcinogens that smokers inhale, including tobacco-specific nitrosamines …

Tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines (TSNAs) are strong carcinogens widely found in tobacco
products, environmental tobacco smoke, lake, and wastewater. The main objective of this …

Introduction: Tobacco smoke contains more than 7,000 chemicals, including known
carcinogens, such as tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs). TSNA levels in cigarettes vary …

Tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines (TSNA) include 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-
butanone (NNK), N′-nitroso nornicotine (NNN), N′-nitroso anabasine (NAB) and N …

Tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) comprise one of the major classes of carcinogenic
compounds in mainstream cigarette smoke. As part of collaborative efforts between the …

Introduction The tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) are an important group of
carcinogens found in tobacco and tobacco smoke. To describe and characterize the levels …

Abstract The tobacco-specific nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone
(NNK) is one of the most abundant carcinogens in smokeless tobacco products. NNK uptake …

The tobacco-specific carcinogen 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL), a
metabolite of the tobacco-specific nitrosamine (TSNA) 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1 …

Tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) are one of the major classes of carcinogens found in
tobacco products. As part of collaborative efforts to reduce tobacco use and resulting …