Heart failure is a complex medical syndrome that is attributed to a number of risk factors;
nevertheless, its clinical presentation is quite similar among the different etiologies. Heart …

Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a complex syndrome that results from structural and functional
disturbances that affect the ability of the heart to supply oxygen to tissues. It largely affects …

The functional integrity of endothelial cells is a marker and a prerequisite for vascular health.
It is well established that the endothelium not only modulates, but also mediates vascular …

The endothelium is a monocellular layer covering the inner surface of blood vessels. It
maintains vascular homeostasis regulating vascular tone and permeability and exerts anti …

Endothelial dysfunction contributes to the development of impaired coronary and systemic
perfusion as well as reduced exercise capacity in patients with congestive heart failure …

Heart failure is a complex syndrome responsible for high rates of death and hospitalization.
Ischemic heart disease is one of the most frequent causes of heart failure and it is normally …

The endothelium is a major regulator of vascular tone because it releases vasoactive
substances including: endothelium-derived relaxing factor (nitric oxide/EDRF), endothelium …

The assessment of different aspects of endothelial dysfunction in cardiovascular medicine in
general and in heart failure (HF) has been the focus of intense research, and includes …

Endothelial cells are, by number, one of the most abundant cell types in the heart and active
players in cardiac physiology and pathology. Coronary angiogenesis plays a vital role in …

It is well established that the vasculature plays a crucial role in maintaining oxygen and
nutrients supply to the heart. Increasing evidence further suggests that the microcirculation …