The relative contributions of hypoxia and hypercapnia in causing persistent
sympathoexcitation after exposure to the combined stimuli were assessed in nine healthy …

Key points Heart rate is increased in chronic hypoxia and we tested whether this is the result
of increased sympathetic nervous activity, reduced parasympathetic nervous activity, or a …

Elevated heart rate (HR) has been demonstrated in response to acute hypoxia exposure,
which is reportedly due to sympathetic nervous system activation (SNS) and concurrent …

It is well established that after acclimatization at high altitude, many sympathetic pathways
are hyperactive yet heart rate (HR) remains unchanged. In this study, we attempted to …

Carotid chemoreceptors detect changes in PO 2 and elicit a peripheral respiratory
chemoreflex (PCR). The PCR can be tested through a transient hypoxic ventilatory response …

Background—Pulmonary hypertension is a hallmark of high-altitude pulmonary edema and
may contribute to its pathogenesis. Cardiovascular adjustments to hypoxia are mediated, at …

Peripheral chemoreflex mediated increases in both parasympathetic and sympathetic drive
under chronic hypoxia may evoke bradyarrhythmias during apneic periods. We determined …

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the influence of the autonomic nervous system
(ANS) in adaptive process to hypobaric hypoxia. This process is complex, and the integrated …

We studied ventilatory and neurocirculatory responses to combined hypoxia (arterial O2
saturation 80%) and hypercapnia (end-tidal CO2+ 5 Torr) in awake humans. This asphyxic …

New Findings What is the topic of this review? Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH), as
observed in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea, is associated with the development of …