Although acne is seldom associated with high serum levels of androgens, it has been shown
that female acne patients have definite increases in ovarian and adrenal androgen levels …

The etiology of acne vulgaris is multifactorial and complex. The four key factors involved in
the development of acne include follicular plugging, inflammation, the presence and activity …

Combination oral contraceptive pills (COCs) are effective at reducing acne in women. COCs
are useful for women with and without clinical and/or laboratory signs of hyperandrogenism …

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Although hormonal contraceptives may help acne or worsen
it, there is limited evidence on the effects of many commonly prescribed agents. The present …

Oral contraceptives (OCs) can reduce acne by lowering the production of adrenal and
ovarian androgens, by inhibiting 5-alpha-reductase, which in turn, reduces the levels of …

One of the primary factors contributing to the development of acne vulgaris is excess sebum.
Sebaceous glands and sebum excretion are regulated, at least in part, by androgen …

Hormones and Acne—Acne can reflect multiple etiologies, including such contributing
factors as infection, abnormal keratinization, immunologic reaction, and hormonal …

Oral contraceptive (OC) use is associated with several important noncontraceptive benefits.
OCs provide significant protection against life-threatening disorders (such as ovarian …

Objective: This study was undertaken to compare the clinical efficacy of second-versus third-
generation oral contraceptives in the treatment of acne. Study Design: Thirty-four women …

Combined oral contraceptive pills (cOCPs) are often used in the treatment of acne in
females. They are effective, safe, and easy to use in appropriate patients in combination with …