Butterflies often use their dorsal and ventral wing color patterns for distinct signaling
functions. Color patterns on hidden dorsal wing surfaces are often used in sexual signaling …

A major focus of behavioral ecology is to understand the evolutionary causes and
consequences of sexual signaling. Great strides have been made, particularly in the realm …

Niche partitioning and resource utilization strategies play crucial roles in shaping the
ecological dynamics and coexistence of species within communities. This study focuses on …

Communication requires both the encoding of information and its effective transmission, but
little is known about display traits that primarily serve to enhance efficacy. Here we …

Highlights•Papilio has six classes of spectral receptor cells, arranged in different
combinations in its three ommatidial types.•Papilio's vision exhibits color constancy, color …

Transparency reduces prey detectability by predators. While the proportion of 16 transmitted
light in aquatic species is higher as light availability increases, less is 17 known about such …

Despite the benefits of careful decision-making, not all animals are choosy. One explanation
is that choosiness can cost time and energy and thus depend on nutrition. However, it is not …

Butterflies often show adaptive phenotypic plasticity where environmental cues during early
stages are used to produce a phenotype that maximizes fitness in the environment …

Butterflies are widely invoked as model organisms in studies of metapopulation and
dispersal processes. Integral to such investigations are understandings of perceptual range; …

Animals employ different sexual signal modes (eg visual, acoustic, chemical) in different
environments and behavioural contexts. If sensory structures are costly, then evolutionary …