Parkinson's disease (PD) is a highly heterogeneous disorder, which probably consists of
multiple subtypes. Aggregation of misfolded alpha-synuclein and propagation of these …

Parkinson's disease is characterized by the presence of abnormal, intraneuronal α-
synuclein aggregates, which may propagate from cell-to-cell in a prion-like manner …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is pathologically characterized by the presence of intraneuronal
inclusions, termed Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites, whose main component is alpha …

Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms are one of the most common nonmotor symptoms (NMS) in
patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) involving the whole GI tract (GIT) and being evident …

For the last two decades, pathogenic concepts in Parkinson disease (PD) have revolved
around the toxicity and spread of α-synuclein. Thus, α-synuclein would follow caudo-rostral …

In Parkinson's disease (PD), neuronal alpha‐synuclein aggregates are distributed
throughout the nervous system, including the brain, spinal cord, sympathetic ganglia …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder resulting from degeneration of
dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). PD is characterized by …

Background: We have hypothesized that Parkinson's disease (PD) comprises two subtypes.
Brain-first, where pathogenic α-synuclein initially forms unilaterally in one hemisphere …

The cellular hallmarks of Parkinson's disease (PD) are the loss of nigral dopaminergic
neurons and the formation of α-synuclein-enriched Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites in the …

Braak's hypothesis has been extremely influential over the last two decades. However,
neuropathological and clinical evidence suggest that the model does not conform to all …