Normal pregnancy is associated with dramatic increases in uterine blood flow to facilitate the
bidirectional maternal–fetal exchanges of respiratory gases and to provide sole nutrient …

Background The regulation of vascular tone in the uterine circulation is a key determinant of
appropriate uteroplacental blood perfusion and successful pregnancy outcome. Estrogens …

Increasing levels of estrogens across gestation are partly responsible for the physiological
adaptations of the maternal vasculature to pregnancy. The G protein-coupled estrogen …

The steroid hormone estrogen and its classical estrogen receptors (ERs), ER-α and ER-β,
have been shown to be partly responsible for the short-and long-term uterine endothelial …

During pregnancy, the maternal cardiovascular system undergoes significant changes,
including increased heart rate, cardiac output, plasma volume, and uteroplacental blood …

Pregnancy is a physiological state that involves a significant decrease in uterine vascular
tone and an increase in uterine blood flow, which is mediated in part by steroid hormones …

Pregnancy and the follicular phase are physiological states of elevated oestrogen levels and
rises in uterine blood flow (UBF). The dramatic increase in utero‐placental blood flow during …

Background Throughout the course of pregnancy, small maternal spiral arteries that are in
contact with fetal tissue undergo structural remodeling, lose smooth muscle cells, and …

Normal pregnancy is associated with adaptive hemodynamic, hormonal, and vascular
changes, and estrogen (E2) may promote vasodilation during pregnancy; however, the …

The pregnancy-augmented uterine vasodilation is linked to increased AT2R (angiotensin
type-2 receptor) that mediates the vasodilatory effects of angiotensin II. However, the …