Introduction: The pharmacodynamic effects of various combined oral estrogen-progestin
combinations (COC) are examined for their components alone or in the various combined …

Epidemiologic data support the notion that first-generation high-dose oral contraceptives
(containing> 80 μg of estrogen) increased the incidence of thromboembolic events. The …

PIP: Estrogen-progestogen oral contraceptives (OCs) have been shown in numerous
studies to increase the risk of venous thromboembolic disease, myocardial infarction, and …

This study was undertaken to evaluate the impact of progestins as part of low-estrogen
(ethinyl estradiol [EE2]≤ 35 μg) combined oral contraceptives (COCs) on hemostatic …

In Europe and North America, estrogen/progestogen oral contraception has been
associated with an increase in venous thromboembolism, myocardial infarction, and stroke …

An increased risk of venous thrombosis has been demonstrated in women receiving oral
contraceptives (OCs). This risk has been primarily associated with the oestrogen content, but …

Combined hormonal contraception containing estrogen and progestogen and
postmenopausal hormone therapy with estrogen±progestogen are reported risk factors for …

The search for a safe and effective method of contraception has been ongoing for centuries.
During the last century, a variety of hormonal contraceptives, including combined hormonal …

Introduction: The risk-benefit profile of any pharmacologic agent must be evaluated against
risks connected with the events to be avoided. This is especially true in the case of hormonal …

Epidemiologic research has shown that current low-dose estrogen oral contraceptives are
associated with a low risk of vascular events (eg, myocardial infarction, stroke, and venous …