Cardiovascular variabilities were recognized over 250 years ago, but only in the past 20
years has their apparent utility come to be appreciated. Technological advancement has …

Although analysis of heart rate variability is widely used for the assessment of autonomic
function, its fundamental framework linking low-frequency and high-frequency components …

Heart rate variability (HRV), the beat-to-beat variation in either heart rate or the duration of
the R–R interval–the heart period, has become a popular clinical and investigational tool …

With the popularization of pulse wave signals by the spread of wearable watch devices
incorporating photoplethysmography (PPG) sensors, many studies are reporting the …

Research into cardiovascular variabilities intersects both human physiology and quantitative
modelling. This is because respiratory and Mayer wave (or 10 s) cardiovascular oscillations …

THE RHYTHM OF THE HEART has not only fascinated cardiologists but also inspired poets
and musicians. Indeed, the periodic beat of the heart was used to define the speed of music …

Altered variability in the cardiovascular system is associated with a range of cardiovascular
diseases and increased mortality. Because blood pressure and heart rate show distinct low …

In the assessment of autonomic function by heart rate variability (HRV), the framework that
the power of high-frequency component or its surrogate indices reflects parasympathetic …

Heart rate variability (HRV), the beat-to-beat variation in either heart rate or the duration of
the RR interval, has become a popular clinical and investigational tool (Task Force of the …

Components of heart rate variability have attracted considerable attention in psychology and
medicine and have become important dependent measures in psychophysiology and …