Several recent bills in Congress to add a Medicare prescription drug benefit would allow the
use of formularies to control costs. However, there is little empirical evidence of the impact of …

Objective. To assess whether gaining prescription drug coverage produces cost offsets in
Medicare spending on inpatient and physician services. Data Source. Two‐year panels …

An estimated 20 million Americans suffer from diabetes. Patients with non–insulin–
dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) comprise approximately 90% of the diabetic …

This review discusses the approaches to prescription drug payment practices taken by
managed care to influence drug use and costs, and presents the research evidence …

Little attention has been devoted in policy circles as to how Medicare would manage an
outpatient prescription drug benefit. This article, first, discusses the role of the pharmacy …

Objective: To estimate responsiveness of prescription demand within 9 therapeutic classes
to increased cost-sharing compared with constant cost-sharing. Study Design: Retrospective …

Background: Previous research has suggested that 3-tier prescription drug copayment
systems produce drug cost savings without affecting the use of other medical services during …

BACKGROUND: While increases in prescription drug spending have moderated in recent
years, drug spending is still a concern among managed care organizations and health plan …

Background: Multitiered, incentive-based formularies have been increasingly used as a
mechanism to control prescription drug expenditures. Prescribing physicians who manage …

BACKGROUND: Incentive-based prescription drug cost sharing can encourage seniors to
use generic medications. Little information exists about prescription drug cost sharing and …