This study estimates the effects of an increase in an outpatient prescription drug copayment
using a natural experiment based upon a large firm that implemented such an increase. The …

This paper examines how demand for prescription drugs is influenced by different types of
insurance. In order to understand demand characteristics and the competitiveness of …

Drug-benefit programs in health plans that offer varying degrees of risk to pharmacy
providers are described. Administrators of health plans attempt to control the total cost of a …

Background Several studies have examined the impact of formulary management strategies
on medication use in the elderly, but little has been done to synthesize the findings to …

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the strategies Medicare beneficiaries adopt to manage their out-of-
pocket prescription costs in a prescription drug plan with maximum (capped) benefits and to …

One way to boost sales of a prescription drug is to reduce what it costs the consumer at the
point-of-purchase. For high-use consumers who have exceeded their deductible, this cost …

Objectives To (1) describe prescription drug cost sharing and benefit structures faced by
seniors before implementation of the Medicare drug benefit,(2) examine the relationship …

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between generic and brand copayment differentials
and generic fill rate (GFR). Study Design: Cross-sectional. Methods: Aggregate-level retail …

While medications are one of the most stable categories of health care expenses, the actual
composition of drug products used may be highly variable over time. Medicare beneficiaries …

This study analyzed how the use and cost of pharmaceuticals varied by level of drug co-
payment in a staff model health maintenance organization (HMO). An historical cohort …