Rationale Contemporary animal models of cocaine addiction focus on increasing the
amount of drug consumption to produce addiction-like behavior. However, another critical …

Rationale Taking high and increasing amounts of cocaine is thought to be necessary for the
development of addiction. Consequently, a widely used animal model of drug self …

In rats, continuous cocaine access during long self‐administration sessions (6 versus 1–2
hours) promotes the development of behavioral symptoms of addiction. This has led to the …

Abstract Rationale Intermittent Access (IntA) cocaine self-administration, which models
intermittent patterns of cocaine use in humans during the transition to addiction, is especially …

The temporal pattern of drug use (pharmacokinetics) has a profound effect on the ability of
self‐administered cocaine to produce addiction‐like behavior in rodents, and to change the …

Rationale With repeated administration, the psychomotor activating effects of drugs such as
cocaine or amphetamine can change in very different ways—showing sensitization or …

Studies in humans suggest that women progress more rapidly from initial cocaine use to
addiction. Similarly, female rats can show more incentive motivation for cocaine than male …

Recent attempts to model the addiction process in rodents have focused on cocaine self-
administration procedures that provide extended daily access. Such procedures produce a …

Although traditional sensitization paradigms, which result in an augmentation of cocaine-
induced locomotor behavior and dopamine (DA) overflow following repeated experimenter …

Cues in the environment associated with drug use draw the attention of addicts, elicit
approach, and motivate drug-seeking and drug-taking behavior, making abstinence difficult …