Infection with human and simian immunodeficiency viruses (HIV/SIV) requires binding of the
viral envelope glycoprotein (Env) to the host protein CD4 on the surface of immune cells …

Human and simian immunodeficiency viruses (HIV/SIVs) use CD4 as the primary receptor to
enter target cells. Here, we show that the chimpanzee CD4 is highly polymorphic, with nine …

Individuals chronically infected with HIV-1 harbor complex viral populations within their
bloodstreams. Recently, it has come to light that when these people infect others, the new …

Most HIV-1 variants isolated from early-stage human infections do not use nonhuman
primate versions of the CD4 receptor for cellular entry, or they do so poorly. We and others …

Pandemic HIV-1 (group M) emerged following the cross-species transmission of a simian
immunodeficiency virus from chimpanzees (SIVcpz) to humans. Primate lentiviruses …

Simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs) comprise a large group of primate lentiviruses that
endemically infect African monkeys. HIV-1 spilled over to humans from this viral reservoir …

Chimpanzees are naturally and asymptomatically infected by simian immunodeficiency virus
(SIV). Pathogenic properties of SIV/HIV vary and differences in susceptibility and …

The receptor for primate lentiviruses, including HIV-1, is the CD4 glycoprotein found on
myeloid and T helper cells. CD4 also plays a critical role in mediating adaptive immune …

Chimeric simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)/human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)(SHIV)
infection of macaques is commonly used to model HIV type 1 (HIV-1) transmission and …

ABSTRACT HIV-1 replicates poorly in macaque cells, and this had hindered the
advancement of relevant nonhuman primate model systems for HIV-1 infection and …