Arthropod bodies are formed by a series of appendage-bearing segments, and appendages
have diversified both along the body axis within species and between species …

Developmental mechanisms play an important role in determining the costs, limits, and
evolutionary consequences of phenotypic plasticity. One issue central to these claims is the …

The insect head is composed of several segments and an anterior non-segmental region.
While patterning of the segmental region relies–at least in part–on the known trunk …

Polyphenic development is thought to play an important role in the evolution of phenotypic
diversity and morphological novelties, yet the evolution of polyphenisms has rarely been …

The arthropod head problem has troubled scientists for more than a century. The segmental
composition of the arthropod head, homology of its appendages, and especially the nature …

The insect upper lip—the labrum—is a lobe‐like structure anterior to the mouth opening.
Whether the labrum represents a fused pair of segmental appendages or evolved …

The insect antenna and leg are considered homologous structures, likely to have arisen via
duplication and divergence from an ancestral limb. Consistent with this, the antenna and leg …

What limits the size of nature's most extreme structures? For weapons like beetle horns, one
possibility is a tradeoff associated with mechanical levers: as the output arm of the lever …

Mammalian nasal capsule development has been described in only a few cross‐sectional
age series, rendering it difficult to infer developmental mechanisms that influence adult …

All developmental plasticity arises through epigenetic mechanisms. In this paper we focus
on the nature, origins, and consequences of these mechanisms with a focus on horned …