… Here, we focus only on a putative evolutionary history of Class 1 CRISPR-Cas systems,
which includes Types I, III, and IV. These multisubunit complexes have similar architectures and …

… of shrimp toward Vibrio and other pathogenic bacteria. The target RNA was expressed in L.
… enhance the immune response of aquaculture organisms to pathogenic bacteria and viruses…

… immune systems (CRISPR-Cas systems) [46]. This chapter introduces a brief overview of the
principle of the innate immune systems in prokaryotes, … genes as a putative member of an …

… are adaptive immunity systems that are present in nearly all archaea and ∼40% of bacteria
(… The CRISPR immune response consists of three stages, each mediated by a distinct subset …

… to their immune system by several species of microbes, including Gram-positive and -negative
bacteria as well as yeast. This contrasts with the Drosophila immune system in which …

… Here, combining experiments and models, we show that a delayed immune response
which allows viruses to transiently redirect cellular resources to reproduction, which we call ‘…

… defensive strategies in Archaea and Bacteria (reviewed in Ref. [2]) that can be referred to
as the multilayer prokaryotic immune system: the restriction-modification system (RMS), the …

… in many bacteria and in pathogenic bacteria such as … strain that encodes a putative
toxin-antitoxin system (see text … to escape from the host immune response. Among key regulators …

… Such selective pressure provoked the production of various defense systems in bacteria …
immune response. In this paper, we will consider the adaptive immunity systems of bacteria and …

… E encompasses a single predicted effector protein that has been computationally characterized
as a fusion of four Cas7 group proteins and a putative Cas11 (Csm2)-like protein 3 . Here…