… The focus of this review is on the strength of evidence, … communicable disease surveillance
is the systematic collection, … for population surveillance is to obtain a representative sample of …

… monitoring practices. Such additions become essential at present to complement the more
commonly used grab-based sampling … , as it is moved from the point of collection to the point …

… To test this hypothesis, we analysed sewage samples collected between October 2019 and
February 2020 in Northern Italy in the framework of projects on enteric viruses, and stored in …

… discharge to the environment; however, the final effluent samples were not collected in this
study. Samples were collected in sterilized 1-L plastic bottles taking precautionary measures …

… Monitoring is the primary control point in the prevention of diseases … Some of the most
popular methods to confirm the presence … as it is not influenced by environmental parameters. …

… a low stability in the environment and is very sensitive to oxidants, like … examined, to strengthen
their monitoring in water media. … , and Web Science Core Collection with no restriction for …

… methods from sewage samples (Table 1). These methods were validated using sewage
samples collected … CoV-2 was used to test the efficiency of the concentration methods on viral …

… of microplastic monitoring is the consistency of a sampling strategy. … Examples for the most
commonly produced plastics are … a representative sample collection is missing in the studies. …

… is optimized and its use becomes more widespread, it is likely to become an essential tool for
ecological monitoring and … of eDNA metabarcoding from sample collection to data analysis. …

… We comprehensively review disposable sensing devices … (for example, living plant tissue
for environmental monitoring88). In … devices that allow collection of information concerning the …