Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in both men and women. The
major risk factor for lung cancer is personal tobacco smoking, particularly for small-cell lung
cancer (SCLC) and squamous cell lung cancers, but other significant risk factors include
exposure to secondhand smoke, environmental radon, occupational exposures, and air
pollution. Education and socioeconomic status affect both incidence and outcomes. Non–
small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), including adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and …