… where c – speed of sound wave propagation in the air. The significance of the air column in
the middle ear is minimal, because it is mainly the auditory ossicles that play a role in this. (21…

… mouse middle-ear (ME) anatomy and function is limited. The ME not only transmits sound to
… The effects on sound transmission of anatomical changes such as removing the ME cavity, …

… middle ear, the transformations of the vibrations of the air molecules in the outer hearing canal
in vibrations of the bones of the middle ear must be made so that the acoustic … middle ear …

… the impedance mismatch between air and cochlear fluid. Without the amplification function
of sound waves in the middle ear, 99.9% of the waves traveling through air would be reflected …

… location and size of TM perforation and middle ear air space volume with the magnitude of
HL in … , the resulting sound pressure within the middle ear space will vary inversely with the …

… The structure of the human middle ear is intimately related to its function in transmitting
sound vibrations through to the cochlea. A detailed knowledge of the anatomical relationships …

… the basis for quantifying sound transmission through the middle ear. We are then in a …
Contraction of the tensor tympani muscle pulls the TM and malleus into the middle ear air space, …

… of sound transmission from the outer ear to the middle ear, (2) a description of the sound field
as a function of position along the ear canal, and (3) methods to calculate the sound field at …

… Middle-ear transmission is often quantified as stapes velocity normalized by ear-canal sound
pressure, and we use this definition in this paper. ME-transmission delay is then defined in …

… The sheep middle ear has been used in training to prepare … middle-ear ossicles and (2)
explore effects of these features on sound transmission, in comparison to those of the human. …