… In the case of CTE, engineered cardiac patches can be generated … recent CTE and cardiac
patch advancements, particularly in … in future research to engineer a successful cardiac patch. …

… , we will review these three generations of therapeutic strategies (Figure 1). Our most recent
efforts to use chemical engineering … We have fabricated a vascularized cardiac patch by …

… of cardiac patch therapies. Sine large animal models more closely approximate the human
heart's … used to assess arrhythmias in cardiac patch studies (41). Preclinical studies of non-…

… we will present the most state-of-the-art cardiac patches and analysis their compositional
details. The therapeutic ingredients will … of ECM for tissue engineering in personalized therapy. …

… In this review, we outline the latest advances of the … effects of cardiac patches used in animal
and clinical treatment of … are used as therapeutic cell source for cardiac patch engineering, …

… relevance of 3D maturation-based strategies to the field, we will further detail 3D tissue
fabrication methodologies in this review (see “Fabrication of biomimetic cardiac tissues”). …

… products, and their role in shaping new clinical approaches for heart tissue engineering, are
… live-cell therapy limitations.133 Thus, we will introduce cardiac patches without live cells (…

… , we discuss various strategies for in vitro fabrication of fECTs and their applications in cardiac
regenerative therapies in … , or patches, has thus been a major research area in therapeutic …

… There has been considerable progress in engineering cardiac scaffolds for the treatment of
myocardial infarction (MI). However, it is still challenging to replicate the structural specificity …

… patients have shown the potential of ECPs in the treatment of chronic heart failure. However,
several hurdles are still need to be overcome for successful translation of this technology …