… Thus, observed increases in incidence or annual cases might be due to different data
sources, changes in reporting procedures, expansion of ticks into regions previously cleared of …

… with the feeding of a Borrelia-infected Ixodes tick. Borrelia … The saliva exhibits lytic activity
through histone H4 against … by T cells, which exhibits antimicrobial activity; and neutrophils can …

… in high incidence regions, where Borrelia-infected I. scapularis ticks have been endemic,
while cases have increased in neighboring regions (Schwartz et al. 2017). Thus, published …

… showed increased tick recoveries and a trend of increased percentages of Borrelia-infected …
for a blood meal and appropriate conditions for this activity may not occur at the time of site …

… average of 1.7 (range; 0–5.6) Borrelia-infected nymphs per 100 m 2 of urban green space. …
number of publications investigating questing I. ricinus in urban green space has increased …

… There was a statistically significant difference in mean tick abundance across our three
states, with highest numbers in Virginia and lowest numbers in Kentucky. This difference was …

… , nymphal tick activity increases in spring and early summer, and larval tick activity peaks in
mid-… ricinus’ walk over a humidity gradient (23) and that Borrelia-infected nymphal ticks have …

… Particularly, higher fat contents in Borrelia-infected nymphs … prevalence with increasing
elevation across the entire tick range, … However, we found no evidence that Borrelia prevalence …

… establishment and has seen increasing numbers of ticks carrying B. … identify Borrelia infected
species in New Brunswick, assess the distribution of Borrelia in their tissues as an indirect …

… For example, the number of confirmed cases of LB increased approx. eight times between
2004 and 2012 in Canada (OGDEN et al., 2014) and from 27,444 (2007) to 29,513 (2017) in …