… extinction rates tend to select for encephalization—… Hypothesis) has not been extensively
studied, but in those few studies that have examined the relative encephalization of birds …

… testes to provide the energy necessary to achieve a larger brain. Following the energy
trade-off hypothesis, we analyzed the relationship among other metabolically costly tissues. …

… diversity of encephalization. Our findings suggest that during carnivorans’ evolution, a trade-off
have … As for the brain, recent evidence within bird taxa suggests that there is a predictable …

… the evolutionary forces directly relevant to our own encephalization 8,14 . However, a better
… , a trade-off between diet and brain size is evidenced in our global sample of resident birds. …

… resting metabolic rates (MRs) of mammals and birds scale with … trade-off hypothesis for
animals, it may be more critical for smaller colonies to invest in expensive, high growth rates…

… energetic costs and benefits. Understanding the interplay of costs and benefits is especially
relevant when investigating brain size evolution because few tissues use as much energy …

… relative increase, and hyphen indicates no difference between a given clade and other birds.
.... 52 … In Chapter 3, I test if a larger cerebellum is associated with flight maneuverability, a …

… relative increase, and hyphen indicates no difference between a given clade and other birds.
.... 52 … In Chapter 3, I test if a larger cerebellum is associated with flight maneuverability, a …

… This trade-off also has understudied developmental … We are not aware of similarly
extensive comparisons in birds … costs and benefits of encephalization: a comparative test …

… cephalization), appearance of adaptations associated with transition from aquatic to terrestrial
habitats, endothermy, and acquisition the ability to fly (birds … a certain “trade-off” between …