… toxicity and fluid dynamic stability at moderate temperatures. Moreover, up to 5 wt% of
ethyl … Nandiwale et al. also studied a series of zeolites like modified H-ZSM-5, micro/meso-HZ-5, …

… in the toxicity, being the most toxic compound butyl levulinate. … Short chain esters seem to
be the least toxic solvents in the … However, toxicity studies do not show a clear improvement …

… convert biomass directly into esters.8 In this respect, further research into the production of
… Owing to the lack of reported probit models of toxicity of components considered in this work…

… Analysing each studied family, a … in toxicity was clearly related to the length of the alkyl
chain of chemicals in the fish embryos, so the toxicity of alkyl esters in the lactate and levulinate …

… , regeneration, corrosivity and toxicity, reflecting some of the … In addition to high yields,
silica-based catalysts show high … of levulinate ester, particularly promising for methyl levulinate, …

… A series of sulfonated-based ILs were synthesized for the … only show great potential but
also are limited due to their complex production process, high synthesis cost, and certain toxicity. …

… In the case of esters (methyl, ethyl, and butyl levulinates and lactates), the IC 50 value …
These results show that the structure is correlated with toxicity, because when the length of the …

… Methyl levulinate (ML) is one such levulinate ester having both a keto and ester group …
Remarkable mitigations (63.63% and 66.66%) have been achieved in GWP and ecotoxicity …

… The cellular toxicity of the as-prepared CLEs was also … esters to prepare a large library of
ester chemicals. To our delight, a series of mixed CLEs and cellulose pseudo-levulinate esters …

… to esters obtained from other alcohols, ethyl levulinate has adequate physicochemical properties
such as high lubricity, lower toxicity… 8(A) to (D) present a series of comparisons between …