… If the signals are reliable on average, females can choose … and receiver females and the
distance between signaller and … development rates of fiddler crabs depend on internal burrow …

… convey reliable or honest information. Thus, substantial … A majority of this work has focused
on fiddler crabs because … First, I fit a model with maximum claw strength as the dependent …

… about the conditions of honesty and reliability of messages. The … a signal (high versus
low-intensity signal), finally the receiver … Specifically, by testing honesty we estimate whether the …

… maximal claw strength as the dependent variable, and with … our measurement of claw force
is reliable (Figure X). Regardless… many other crustaceans such as fiddler crab’s species have …

… that reliable signaling systems can break down when receivers … Silhouettes of fiddler
crabs (genus Uca) are included as … signaling systems by the existence of frequency-dependent …

… in fiddler crabs to mainly test whether (i) signal leadership … signal is condition-dependent;
males in good condition can … proposed SEM represents a reliable causal structure to explain …

… In fiddler crabs, claw size more accurately predicts claw … To quantify the reliability of claw
size as a signal of strength, we … Because the dependent variable is the probability of escalating …

… When high stakes depend on an ‘objective’ measure, the measure may cease to provide
reliable information … (A) When male fiddler crabs Uca annulipes lose their large claw (used for …

… Frequency of cheliped loss was tested with the GLM with a … Major chelipeds may also be
used as a morphological signal … burrows for fiddler crabs and gastropod shells for hermit crabs. …

… For example, male fiddler crabs sometimes replace lost claws … decision, which do not depend
on signal honesty in our model. … If signal reliability is extremely low, we might even expect …