… pathways or tryptophan metabolism or the modulation of … -understood effects of tryptophan
metabolism in immunity … or ‘infectious’ tolerance mediated by regulatory T cells [1,34]. …

… modulate Trp metabolism in gut microbiota, such that Fisetin can modulate the gut
microbiota-mediated Trp metabolism [57]… Treg cells but also other regulatory T cells, such as Tr1 …

… Treg modulate the immune system both specifically and … Resting T cells mostly utilize a
catabolic oxidative metabolism of … Interestingly, the byproduct of tryptophan catabolism seems to …

… ARG1 directly suppress T cell proliferation and differentiation. … the differentiation of regulatory
T (Treg) cells and induces IDO1 … However, whether such positive modulation belongs to a …

… Trp has been reported to facilitate tumour immune escape through induction of regulatory T
cells (Tregs), 5,6 downregulation of the T-cell … of Trp also modulate CD4 + T-cell proliferation …

… of Trp depletion and Kyn augmentation on CD8 T cells, regulatory T cells, myeloid cells (…
Recent findings have highlighted that Trp metabolism may modulate microbiota to regulate the …

… Trp catabolism through the KYN pathway is initiated by Trp 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) and …
of regulatory T cells (Tregs) CD4 + CD25 + and suppress immune function of activated T cells (…

… T cells into protective regulatory T cells (T reg ) 8,9,10 cells … Trp metabolism plays a crucial
role in regulating autoreactive … ligands, which is needed for modulation of the DTR effect. Still, …

… considering the defective induction of regulatory T cells (T-regs) to … of the three major Trp
catabolism pathways in controlling … also affect various immune cells and modulate the intestinal …

… of its precursor tryptophan towards kynurenine pathway metabolism, occurring under conditions
… The rate-limiting step of kynurenine pathway metabolism is activation of tryptophan-2,3-…