… We subsequently detail its impact on cancer development and progression, and describe
how it influences metastatic potential with reference to cancer prognosis and outcomes. Finally…

… chromosome segregation errors (4). Hence, increasing our understanding on the dual role
of CIN as a modulator of tumor development … role of CIN in tumor initiation and development, …

… Chromosomal instability (CIN) is a cancer hallmark 5 that is associated with therapeutic
resistance 6 , immune evasion 7,8 and metastasis 2 . CIN arises from ongoing errors …

… Chromosomal instability (CIN) has long been recognized as a hallmark of aggressive …
unstable cancers. CIN drives cancer progression by generating genomic alterations such as …

… To investigate how aneuploidy could contribute to tumor growth, we triggered periods of
chromosomal instability (CIN) in human cells and then exposed them to different culture …

… in cancer development and treatment. We specifically focus on these links since most cancer
… of metastasis, and immunotherapy is a rapidly expanding novel avenue of cancer therapy. …

… gains and losses that manifests as cell-to-cell karyotypic heterogeneity and drives cancer …
its roles in cancer pathogenesis, understanding its implications for patient prognosis, and …

… of the roles of the affected DNA repair pathways in development. An important realization
has been the predisposition to cancer in carriers of some of these gene mutations. …

… aetiologies implicated canonical cancer pathways as some of the major drivers of CIN. Many
of these pathways have been the focus of targeted therapy development. Therefore, given …

… Strikingly, one other hallmark of cancer that, similar to CIN, can also be detected in … and
has a dual role in restraining and promoting cancer development and progression is replication …