… Similarly, in the Framingham Heart Study, frequency of heart failure was doubled in diabetic
men (aged 45 to 74 years), whereas diabetic women had a fivefold increased risk. A recent …

… HF, we evaluated their left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) data closest to and within 6
months after the HF event. We evaluated heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), …

… heart failure (HF) remains a major clinical and public health problem. This review focuses on
the most recent studies … of the epidemiology of cardiovascular disease in general and HF in …

… The Framingham Heart Study (FHS) was established in 1948 to improve understanding
of the epidemiology of coronary heart disease (CHD) in the USA. In 1961, seminal work …

… studies that have contributed most to our understanding of the epidemiology of coronary
heart disease (CHD): the Framingham Heart Study (FHS) and the Seven Countries Study (SCS)…

… 22 miles west of Boston, with a population of approximately 28,000 individuals in the
1940s, was selected for the first large epidemiological study of cardiovascular disease (3). …

… of heart failure burden for the general population. Epidemiological studies of heart failure
vary in study … to produce comparable estimates of disease burden. For example, definitions of …

… Most community-based studies have shown a higher AF incidence in men. The
BiomarCaRE study reported that the incidence of AF was 2.2% higher in men than women. …

… For the present investigation, Framingham Offspring Study participants who completed 2
stages of an exercise stress test (Bruce protocol) at their seventh examination cycle (1998–2002…

… of ischaemic heart disease (IHD) and valvular heart disease (… studies in this Review.
Adopting this approach allows a comprehensive understanding of the real-world epidemiological …