… pointed out that the propulsive efficiency of two 3D fish swimming in parallel is increased by
… and efficiency of fish swimming in vertical schools are compared with those of a single fish. …

… Existing mathematical models of flow interactions in fish schools vary in the degree of fidelity
… This mechanism could be responsible for the increased efficiency of the pitching formation …

… leads to an increased efficiency in MPF swimmers [101, 102]. … hypothesis that fish can use
resonance to lift swimming efficiency [… precisely based on LLS when fish swim in schools [175]. …

… It was found that the power efficiency of each fish swimming in a rectangular school
increased by 8.8% when the lateral distance was 0.4 BL. Nevertheless, there is a lack of …

… to show that the collective energy savings in a fish school can be explained by a “smart” …
s), achieving up to 32% increase in time-average swimming efficiency and 36% decrease in …

… Overall, our data suggests that fish can swim more efficiently in thrust wakes because they
… The increased efficiency of fish swimming in a school. Fish and Fisheries 16:511–521. DOI: …

… The results of these studies confirmed that individuals swim more efficiently in a school
than when solitary. Nevertheless, the phase difference effects were not considered, and …

… of fish schooling, and also enable bioinspired designs for significantly more efficient … Our
results indicate that this system generates thrust quite more efficiently compared to an isolated …

… Using various propulsion systems, fish can swim at speeds from zero to more than 20 body
… (1975a) An optimum swimming speed of fish based on feeding efficiency. Israel]. Techno!. …

… swimming side-by-side confers a substantial increase in both the speed and efficiency of
locomotion of both fish … individual can slightly increase their own power efficiency if they change …