… still used for chronic pain treatment with modified leads, advanced remote pulse generators,
… supraspinal areas which are related to pain transmission like the locus coeruleus (LC), the …

… down to the level of the locus coeruleus. Internally, the PAG is … The PAG -LC pathway
propagates by norepinephrine (NE), … the PAG in chronic pain states, such as lower back pain and …

… We propose that the noradrenergic locus coeruleus plays an … The ability of the locus
coeruleus to facilitate dynamic ‘cross-talk… Because the locus coeruleus degenerates with disease …

… At the spinal level, constant nociceptive input from peripheral pain generators drives
hyperexcitability of dorsal horn neurons, known as heterosynaptic facilitation [43]. Glutamate and …

… noradrenaline related behavior. Specifically, we could show that a brainstem nucleus, the
locus coeruleus, which regulates most noradrenaline … correlation between the maker with the …

… joint degeneration (peripheral pain generators)Citation 33 . … noradrenergic pathways in
the establishment of chronic pain … electrophysiological activity of locus coeruleus in a dose-…

… Norepinephrine is also essential for transition from acute to chronic pain, and sufferers of
chronic neuropathic pain … The noradrenergic locus coeruleus as a chronic pain generator. J …

… gene expression of noradrenergic (α … noradrenaline was also downregulated. However,
the tyrosine hydroxylase expression measured via liquid chromatography in the locus coeruleus …

… Chronic pain management is most effective when the pain … mechanism causing chronic pain,
the “pain generator”. … , periaqueductal gray, locus coeruleus, rostral ventromedial medulla). …

… on the source of the pain generator. Assistive devices, massages, … in the medulla locus
coeruleus, periaqueductal gray area, … as a serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor can …