… deaths among patients with chronic kidney dysfunction. Impairment of the normal reaction
of the innate and adaptive immune systems in chronic kidney disease predisposes patients to …

… to have a central role in the innate immune response to … immune events that occurs in the
host response against infection and can also promote the development of adaptive immune …

… as a danger signal that activates the immune system to distinguish between dangerous
and safe conditions 76 . Activation of TLRs in response to DAMPs can therefore induce sterile …

… In addition, vitamin D deficiency has been associated with changes in the immune response,
insulin resistance, changes in vascular function, and cardiomyopathy 19 19. Ravani P, …

… is multifactorial, where the immune response and inflammation appear to be relevant
factors. Summary: This review summarizes the role of relevant inflammatory molecules and …

… kidney tissue damage. KIM-1 is not only an early biomarker of acute kidney injury (AKI), but
also has a potential role … important roles of KIM-1 in the immune system and kidney diseases. …

… In kidney patients COVID-19 is associated with severely increased morbidity and mortality. A
… COVID-19 vaccination in different cohorts of kidney patients and a control cohort is lacking. …

… Elevated IL‐18 levels in the circulation predict cardiovascular mortality in patients with
kidney disease. Further studies are needed to identify the pathways activated by …

… cells that subsequently participate in hypertension-associated kidney inflammatory … of
hypertension and renal disease that is accompanied with immune cell activation in response to a …

… The immune system in patients with chronic kidney disease is impaired, raising their risk
of infection. For this reason, KDIGO recommends vaccinating against influenza (1B …