… Over the past fifteen years, numerous surveys and studies suggest that password reusing
behavior is more prevalent than previously believed; users set the same or similar passwords …

… passwords to be remembered is rising as well. This puts a noticeable strain on human memory
which users attempt to mitigate by writing them down, reusing … memorable passwords is …

… of leaked password datasets have happened frequently [2]–[6]. Since password reuse across
… More sadly, users often choose passwords that have predictable patterns such as personal …

… Hunt, “Password reuse, credential stuffing and another billion records in have i been
pwned,” https://www.troyhunt.com/passwordreuse-credential-stuffing-and-another-1-billion-records-…

… of them as passwords, which provides the possibility for targeted password attacks and
password reuse attacks based on personal information [5], [6]. Password security and usability …

… Credential stuffing and password spraying attacks automatically enter leaked login credentials
(username and password) on other websites in the hope that users have reused them [16…

… in a password is a stronger indicator for password vulnerability than … real-time password
strength meter to estimate the passwords’ … password reuse information [29] in password creation. …

… They also intend to reuse the password across different web accounts by involving some
salts. Browser extensions such as PwdHash is an example of such types [33]. …

… of password security, including password reuse. However, this study is limited to the
strategies used by users to create passwords and not how passwords are handled in general. …

… on four leaked real-world password datasets with over 110 million passwords in total. First,
… Segments, the password length, and the number of character classes, on password security. …