… has long been the Handicap Principle, which predicts that … that reportedly validated the
Handicap Principle (eg [1, 2]), … , and therefore, the Handicap Principle and other costly signalling …

… ; the mechanics of the handicap principle; the role of … signaler pays designed to ensure
the honesty (the accuracy) … In general, animal signals are evolved signal-response pairs …

… of game dynamics in costly-signaling games has been delayed by a certain conceptual
orientation: the handicap principle … signaling games, notably in discrete versions of these games, …

… misinterpretations of the Handicap Principle and Grafen’s … In discrete models, receivers
can either give away the entire … is valid without SCSA is wrong. That is, the conclusion of the …

… Subsequent game theoretical models, however, highlighted … signalling is honest), derived
by discrete game theoretical models [45]. … of the Handicap Principle with a Darwinian theory of …

… In this section, we show how fitness relates to the response … We could then write a valid
equation stating w = u 2 = x 2 for … of even very simple games with discrete strategies can be …

… Fortunately, game theory is wellsuited for this sort of strategic … Signals and responses may
be discrete or continuous. … As there is no definite definition of the handicap hypothesis, this …

… We further assumed that the population has discrete non-overlapping generations (condition
2)… the best response function. For this game p* is the only strategy that is a best response to …

… This paper takes a game-theoretical approach to the psychology, behaviour, and welfare
of pedestrians, who experience different levels of mutualised anxiety and confidence in …

… However, contrary to the Handicap Principle, game … first, and then we check their validity with
more complex methods. In … Looking at the receiver’s responses to these random signals, we …