… ± M s (or slightly below for flowering/vortex states). For a bulk … is in the + M s state and half
in the − M s state. For each of the … point of view, the relevance of these remanent domain states …

… states, including a global vortex state, a reverse vortex state … from a randomly magnetized
state (left), and magnified views of two … view of the mode profile (top) and the sliced view of the …

… axes—these states are unstable over geological time. More … Transitions between short-
and long-vortex states are color … where domain state relaxation times approach the 40 min …

… SV domain states to more complex twisted vortex states (31), … Hitherto a purely
phenomenological approach has been … in iron particles, and micromagnetic calculations such as …

… over geologic time is that a grain’s overall domain state resists … (Micromagnetic theories relax
this assumption and will be … colloid afford high-resolution views of domain walls. Moskowitz …

… Nevertheless, this approach yielded important results in calculating the single-domain (SD)
limit and revealed flower and vortex configurations that appear when the particle size …

… , routine domain state diagnosis of geological materials remains … We then present results
in section 5 for each approach with … In making the case for the presence of vortex states in soft …

… the Hamiltonian approach for magnetization dynamics. The main point of the Hamiltonian …
a set of micromagnetic simulations using the MUMAX3 software [46]. Material parameters used …

… , single-vortex (SV), multivortex (MV) and multidomain states. … of the remanent magnetization
over geological time, and … FEM approach enables forward models of domain states and …

… (b) Transversal view of the ellipsoidal shape depicted in (a). c ps : … Micromagnetic results
presented in this work indicate that … vortex states (ie, LSV, SSV or TSV) that are also stable over …