Fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) exposure is a major threat to public health, and is listed as
one of the leading factors associated with global premature mortality. Among the adverse …

… , including particulate matter (PM) chemical and microbiological characterization, in vitro
and in vivo toxicological effects, as well as clinical and epidemiological studies [5,6,7,8]. …

… Airborne particulate matter refers to a wide range of particle sizes. It includes particles having
a diameter of few nanometers to particles sizes around 100 µm (Ali et al. 2018). In order to …

… The main constituent of highly polluted air is particulate matter (PM) which creates haze and
decreases the air quality. PM is a complex mixture of organic compounds, aerosols, gases, …

… Previous reviews have preliminary illustrated relevant mechanisms from the perspective of
PM-related cell death patterns or the perspective of certain diseases or systems, pointing out …

… to synthesise current epidemiological and toxicological evidence relating to the health …
using keywords such as ‘Biomass burning’ AND particulate matter OR ‘PM10/2.5’ OR ultrafine …

… pathophysiologic pathway linking particulate matter (PM) … Within the context of toxicology,
PM oxidative potential (OP) … , and the epidemiological and toxicological evidence on whether …

… the health effects of airborne particulate matter (PM), particularly cardiorespiratory effects
of combustion-related particles. This has been matched by toxicological research to define …

… Ecological air contamination is the non-homogenous suspension of insoluble particles
into gas or/and liquid fluids known as particulate matter (PM). It has been discovered that …

Objective: There is substantial evidence that exposure to airborne particulate matter (PM) from
road traffic is associated with adverse health outcomes. Although it is often assumed to be …