Cardiometabolic syndrome encompasses multiple interdependent metabolic abnormalities
that lead to increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Epidemiology studies …

Cardiovascular complications are the leading cause of mortality in chronic (CKD) and end-
stage renal disease (ESRD). The risk of developing cardiovascular complications is …

The cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS) and diabetes are associated with higher
cardiovascular risk. The authors compared the association of CMS risk factors and diabetes …

Vascular calcification is highly correlated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and is a
significant predictor of cardiovascular events, especially in high risk patients such as the end …

The global prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) has increased in recent years.
Adverse cardiovascular events have become the main cause of life-threatening events in …

Arterial calcification is commonly seen in atherosclerosis, chronic kidney disease (CKD) and
diabetes and has long been considered a natural progression of atherosclerosis. Yet it is a …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is thought to affect approximately one in 10 people. Patients
with CKD have significantly increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in comparison …

Arterial calcification is an active process resulting from the interaction of factors that both
promote and inhibit the process. Interaction of these factors results in phenotype …

Vascular calcification is an active and regulated process which is integral to cardiovascular
disease and intimately linked to hypertension. Dysfunctional vascular smooth muscle cells …

The authors compared the metabolic syndrome status and Framingham 10‐year coronary
heart disease risk score (FRS) with the coronary artery calcification (CAC) in subclinical …