Brainstem to spinal cord noradrenergic pathways include a locus coeruleus origin projection
and diffuse noxious inhibitory controls. While both pathways are traditionally viewed as …

The CNS houses naturally occurring pathways that project from the brain to modulate spinal
neuronal activity. The noradrenergic locus coeruleus (the A6 nucleus) originates such a …

Central noradrenergic centers such as the locus coeruleus (LC) are traditionally viewed as
pain inhibitory; however, complex interactions among brainstem pathways and their …

Pontospinal noradrenergic neurons are thought to form part of a descending endogenous
analgesic system that exerts inhibitory influences on spinal nociception. Using optogenetic …

Noradrenergic neurons of the brainstem extend projections throughout the neuraxis to
modulate a wide range of processes including attention, arousal, autonomic control and …

The supraspinal descending pain modulatory system (DPMS) shapes pain perception via
monoaminergic modulation of sensory information in the spinal cord. However, the role and …

Brainstem structures engage descending facilitatory and inhibitory neurones to potentiate or
suppress the passage of sensory inputs from spinal loci to the brain. The final output for this …

The transition from acute to chronic pain results in maladaptive brain remodeling, as
characterized by sensorial hypersensitivity and the ensuing appearance of emotional …

The locus coeruleus (LC)-noradrenergic system is the main source of noradrenaline in the
central nervous system and is involved intensively in modulating pain and stress-related …

The locus coeruleus (LC) projects throughout the brain and spinal cord and is the major
source of central noradrenaline. It remains unclear whether the LC acts functionally as a …