Objectives: Oesophageal pH monitoring is a useful test for the diagnosis of gastro-
oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) but has some limitations related to the nasopharyngeal …

Using a simple 'test'to diagnose gastro‐oesophageal reflux disease is difficult because
accurately measuring gastric refluxate and correlating reflux events with symptom episodes …

Background High‐resolution manometry (HRM) provides information on esophagogastric
junction (EGJ) morphology, distinguishing three different subtypes. Data on the correlation …

Introduction The gold standard for the objective diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux
disease (GERD) is ambulatory-pH monitoring off medications. Increasingly, impedance-pH …

Background There is a large consensus to preserve the distance of 5 cm above the proximal
border of the lower esophageal sphincter (PBLES) as appropriate to the location of the …

Abstract Background and Aim Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is caused by the reflux of
gastric contents beyond the esophagus into the larynx and pharynx. However, upper …

The technique of 24-hour esophageal multichannel intraluminal impedance monitoring
combined with pH-metry (MII-pH) is currently considered to be the golden standard in the …

Abstract Background and Aim The measurement of esophageal acid exposure time (AET)
using combined multichannel intraluminal impedance–pH (MII‐pH) tests is the gold …

Multichannel intraluminal impedance (MII) is a new technique for evaluating esophageal
function and gastroesophageal reflux. This technique depends on changes in resistance to …

Aim This study was designed to investigate about findings of Impedance pH-monitoring in
patients with atypical symptoms of GERD. Background The routine treatment with proton …