This research evaluates the structure of subscale items on the Invalidating Childhood
Environment Scale (ICES), a retrospective, self-report instrument intended to differentiate the …

Objective: To understand the consequences of an invalidating environment, it is essential to
have a measurement tool with appropriate statistical properties. Thus, the primary aim of this …

Background/Objective: The Invalidating Childhood Environment Scale (ICES) is an
instrument designed to assess retrospectively parental invalidation experience, according to …

Meta-analyses demonstrate that the quality of early attachment is modestly associated with
peer social competence (r=. 19) and externalizing behavior (r=−. 15), but weakly associated …

Emotional invalidation is the dismissal, minimization, or punishment of an individual's
emotional experience (Linehan, 1993). Although it has been sparsely studied, the research …

Despite the decades that have passed since invalidation was first theorized to causally
influence the development of psychopathology (Linehan, 1993), no measures have been …

Most estimates of the strength of shared environmental influences derive from relatively
small twin studies. The problem, as pointed out in an earlier paper by Burt (2009), is that …

This study reports relations between infant Ainsworth Strange Situation classifications,
negative life events, and Adolescent Attachment Interview classifications. Overall, the …

Researchers have documented the ways in which children's parenting and home
environments impact their social, emotional, and cognitive skills. There is scientific …

This study examined a web-based assessment of adverse childhood experiences (eFMI-
ACE) of children birth to 3 years-of-age using the Family Map Inventory (FMI-ACE) …