Background Noninvasive measurements of vascular parameters can be used for the
detection and risk stratification of cardiovascular diseases. Most vascular parameters are …

Background A quantitative echocardiographic assessment is often essential for the
management of congenital heart disease, especially in the first months of life. Despite this …

Background With increasing rates of hypertension, obesity, and diabetes in the pediatric
population, wide available, and reproducible methods are necessary to evaluate arterial …

In pediatric echocardiography, cardiac dimensions are often normalized for weight, height,
or body surface area (BSA). The combined influence of height and weight on cardiac size is …

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to find the best model to obtain valid and
normally distributed Z scores for coronary artery (CA) diameters in a large, heterogeneous …

BACKGROUND: Clinical decision making in Kawasaki disease relies on measurements of
the coronary arteries obtained by 2-dimensional echocardiography. Z scores relating …

Background: High blood pressure (BP) and excess weight can lead to early cardiovascular
organ damage already in children. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV) is the non …

Z-scores are a means of expressing the deviation of a given measurement from the size or
age specific population mean. By taking account of growth or age, Z-scores are an excellent …

Background Despite recent advances, current pediatric echocardiographic nomograms for
valvular and arterial dimensions remain limited. Methods We prospectively studied healthy …

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine accurate and validated Z-score equations
for the normal values of coronary diameters adjusted with growth changes of the neonates …