Bacterial colonization of surfaces is the leading cause of deterioration and contaminations.
Fouling and bacterial settlement led to damaged coatings, allowing microorganisms to …

The term fouling generally refers to an undesirable process in which a surface becomes
encrusted with material from the surrounding environment. In the case of biofouling, that …

Biofouling on ships and boats, characterized by aquatic bacteria and small organisms
attaching to the hull, is an important global issue, since over 80000 tons of antifouling paint …

Highlights•Biofouling is an undesirable process in which biotic matter accumulates on
surfaces.•Biofouling is of major concern in the marine industry, water purification devices …

Hybrid materials (HMs) offer unique properties as they combine inorganic and organic
components into a single material. Here, we developed HM coatings for marine antifouling …

Marine biofouling has negatively affected human sailing since ancient times. Traditional
antifouling coatings were banned worldwide in 2003 due to their toxicity towards nontarget …

Biofouling is a serious concern and can cause health risks and financial burdens in many
settings such as maritime structures, medical devices, and water treatment plants. Many …

Any equipment submerged in the ocean will have its surface attacked by fouling organisms,
which can cause serious damage. Traditional antifouling coatings contain heavy metal ions …

Anti-biofouling materials that combat microorganism attachment have been intensively
studied due to the ever-growing demand on smart and durable coatings. Although various …

Bacterial fouling is a multiscale, multistage process responsible for surface contamination
and bacterial-related infections and illnesses. The formation of biofilms leading to infections …