Co-infection with HTLV-1 reaches 20% among patients infected by HIV-1 in Bahia, Brazil. To
evaluate its impact on survival, we conducted a retrospective, case–control study involving …

Human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) and HTLV-II have been postulated to accelerate
disease progression in patients coinfected with HIV. However, recent evidence suggests that …

Serum samples from 895 HIV-1 infected individuals were tested for antibodies against HTLV-
I and HTLV-II. The overall prevalence of the co-infection was high (16.3%). Epidemiological …

Abstract HTLV–1/HIV-1 co-infection is associated with severe clinical manifestations,
marked immunodeficiency, and opportunistic pathogenic infections, as well as risk behavior …

Several reports suggest that HTLV-I/HIV coinfection may be associated with an increased
risk of HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). In HTLV-I …

Coinfections with HIV-1 and HTLV-I or HTLV-II have been associated with unique
immunophenotypes and an increased risk for development of neurodegenerative …

Background Coinfection with human T-cell lymphotrophic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is
associated with shorter survival for adults and children infected with human …

Objective: To assess the prevalence of HTLV infection and its association with HIV and other
potential risk factors. Design and Setting: A cross-sectional survey and a case-control study …

Objectives.—To study the effect of human T-cell lymphtropic virus type I (HTLV-I) on markers
of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease progression. Design.—A retrospective …

Background Human retroviruses HIV and HTLV share transmission routes. HIV widely
spread in Spain during the 80 s through injection drug use and sex, and nowadays HIV rates …