Our goal was to evaluate the effects of EC refill fluids and EC exhaled aerosol residue
(ECEAR) on cultured human keratinocytes and MatTek EpiDerm™, a 3D air liquid interface …

Background: The respiratory health effects of inhalation exposure to e-cigarette flavoring
chemicals are not well understood. We focused our study on the immuno-toxicological and …

In this study, we have generated and characterized Electronic Cigarette (EC) aerosols using
a combination of advanced technologies. In the gas phase, the particle number …

Oxidative stress and inflammatory response are the key events in the pathogenesis of
chronic airway diseases. The consumption of electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) with a variety of e …

Macrophages treated with the flavoring chemicals found in flavored electronic cigarettes
have been shown to induce an inflammatory response, however, limited data are available …

With the growing prevalence of e-cigarettes as an alternative to conventional cigarettes
amongst smokers worldwide, there is a need for new methods to evaluate their relative …

E-cigarettes utilize a wide range of flavoring chemicals with respiratory health effects that are
not well understood. In this study, we used pulmonary-associated cell lines to assess the in …

Background New fourth generation electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) devices
contain high levels of nicotine salt (up to 60 mg/mL), whose cellular and molecular effects on …

Recent studies suggest that electronic cigarette (e-cig) flavors can be harmful to lung tissue
by imposing oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. The potential inflammatory …

Background Long‐term use of cigarettes can result in localised staining and aging of
smokers' skin. The use of tobacco heating products (THPs) and electronic cigarettes (ECs) …