Human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection is associated with
myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) and adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma …

Co-infection with HTLV-1 reaches 20% among patients infected by HIV-1 in Bahia, Brazil. To
evaluate its impact on survival, we conducted a retrospective, case–control study involving …

According to the latest Department of Health and Human Services guidelines for the use of
antiretroviral therapy (ART) in HIV-1-infected persons, initiation of ART is recommended for …

The human retroviruses HIV-1 and HTLV-1/HTLV-2 share similar routes of transmission but
cause significantly different diseases. In this review we have outlined the immune mediated …

Human T lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a retrovirus that causes lifelong T-cell
infection in humans, impacting the host immune response. This virus causes a range of …

Going back to their discovery in the early 1980s, both the Human T-cell Leukemia virus type-
1 (HTLV-1) and the Human Immunodeficiency Virus type-1 (HIV-1) greatly fascinated the …

Human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) and HTLV-II have been postulated to accelerate
disease progression in patients coinfected with HIV. However, recent evidence suggests that …

Background. Human T cell lymphotropic virus type 2 (HTLV-2) infection is not rare among
injection drug users with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and may exert a …

Important clinical effects of HTLV/HIV co-infection include the higher rates of myelopathy and
other neurological disorders and the poor predicative value of CD4+ cell counts as a …

Objectives: HIV, hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-
1) share the same routes of infection, making coinfection by these viruses a frequent finding …