In the last 10 years HIV-1/human T-cell leukemia virus (HIV-1/HTLV) coinfection has
emerged as a worldwide health problem. The numbers of HIV-1/HTLV-1 coinfections in …

Human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV) affects the human immune system in many ways, most
notably by inducing proliferation of infected CD4+ T cells, but several other cell types are …

Objectives.—To study the effect of human T-cell lymphtropic virus type I (HTLV-I) on markers
of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease progression. Design.—A retrospective …

Abstract HTLV-2/HIV-1-coinfected patients and HIV-infected patients with natural HIV-1
control show an immune capacity that allows some control of viral infections. These two …

Coinfections with HIV-1 and HTLV-I or HTLV-II have been associated with unique
immunophenotypes and an increased risk for development of neurodegenerative …

Human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) and human T lymphotropic virus type-1
(HTLV-1) infections have complex effects on adaptive immunity, with specific tropism for, but …

Human T-cell lymphotropic viruses type 1 and 2 are retroviruses that share the same routes
of transmission as HIV-1. Since these agents are prevalent simultaneously in different parts …

Background High HTLV-1 proviral load (PVL) is mainly found in infected individuals with
HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). However one third …

Background Individuals with human T-cell lymphotrophic virus type-1 (HTLV-1)/HIV-1
coinfection have been demonstrated to undergo CD4+ lymphocytosis even in the face of …

To determine whether coinfection with HTLV-II influences the course of HIV-1 infection, we
evaluated the progression from asymptomatic HIV infection (CDC group II) to persistent …