Background Maternal prenatal stress exposure (PNSE) increases risk for adverse
psychiatric and behavioral outcomes in offspring. The biological basis for this elevated risk is …

Successful pregnancy requires adjustments to multiple maternal homeostatic mechanisms,
governed by the maternal brain to support and enable survival of the growing fetus and …

Prenatal maternal depression has its direct effects on early brain development deficits with
permanent changes in neuroendocrine functions and impaired behavior in offsprings …

Prenatal maternal stress increases the risk for negative developmental outcomes in
offspring, however the underlying biological mechanisms remain largely unexplored. In this …

Stress following preterm birth can disrupt the emerging foundation of the neonatal brain. The
current study examined how structural brain development is affected by a stressful early …

Stressors during pregnancy can lead to perinatal brain injury resulting in serious
neurological impairment. Neuroactive steroid concentrations are elevated during pregnancy …

Just as maternal diet during pregnancy may program fetal development, so may prenatal
stress. Stress (and related constructs such anxiety, trauma, depression, stressful life events …

Exposure to stress during early development may lead to altered neurobiological functions,
thus increasing the risk for psychiatric illnesses later in life. One potential mechanism …

The effects of prenatal stress procedure were investigated in 3 months old male rats.
Prenatally stressed rats showed depressive-like behavior in the forced swim test, including …

Editor's note: During gestation, the fetal brain develops dramatically as structures and
connections form, providing the foundation for all future development. The fetal environment …