Objective Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is associated with dysfunctional circulating
monocytes whereby patients become highly susceptible to bacterial infections. Here, we …

Highlights•Checkpoint blockade has limited efficacy in restoring HBV-specific T cell
functions.•Mitochondrial dysregulation is a key metabolic alteration in exhausted CD8 …

CD8 T‐cells are an essential component of the adaptive immune response accountable for
the clearance of virus‐infected cells via cytotoxic effector functions. Maintaining a specific …

Monocytes (Mos) are crucial in the evolution of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic
liver disease (MASLD) to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), and …

Conclusions This study demonstrates that E. multilocularis can induce T‐cell exhaustion
through inhibitory receptor TIGIT, and that blocking this checkpoint may reverse the …

Viruses lack the basic machinery needed to replicate and therefore must hijack the host's
metabolism to propagate. Virus-induced metabolic changes have yet to be systematically …

Cytopathic effects are currently believed to contribute to hepatitis C virus (HCV)-induced
liver injury and are readily observed in Huh7. 5 cells infected with the JFH-1 HCV strain …

A rebalance between energy supply and demand in HBV-specific-CD8+ activated
progenitor (AP) cells could restore the functionality of proliferative progeny (PP) in e-antigen …

Highlights•Hepatocytes recognise and respond to viral RNA through toll-like receptor 3 and
retinoic acid-inducible gene I-like receptors (RLRs).•Glycolysis inhibits RLR-dependent …

Objective A comprehensive immune landscape for HBV infection is pivotal to achieve HBV
cure. Design We performed single-cell RNA sequencing of 2 43 000 cells from 46 paired …