Background Human retroviruses HIV and HTLV share transmission routes. HIV widely
spread in Spain during the 80 s through injection drug use and sex, and nowadays HIV rates …

Abstract HTLV–1/HIV-1 co-infection is associated with severe clinical manifestations,
marked immunodeficiency, and opportunistic pathogenic infections, as well as risk behavior …

Going back to their discovery in the early 1980s, both the Human T-cell Leukemia virus type-
1 (HTLV-1) and the Human Immunodeficiency Virus type-1 (HIV-1) greatly fascinated the …

The presence of antibodies to human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV) types 1 and 2 was
examined in 5742 sera belonging to consecutive adult outpatients attended during June …

Human T cell lymphotropic virus type 2 (HTLV-2) infection is endemic in the American Indian
population and Pygmy tribes in Africa. Nevertheless, HTLV-2 infection has been …

Abstract French Guiana, the French territory most affected by human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV)(1.3% of pregnant women), is also endemic for human T lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV1) …

The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence and characterize the
epidemiologic patterns of HTLV‐1/2 infections and co‐infections with HIV, HBV (hepatitis B) …

In Western countries, HTLV-1 infection is recognized mainly among foreigners coming from
endemic areas. In contrast, HTLV-2 is found predominantly in native intravenous drug users …

The 2022 annual meeting of the HTLV & HIV‐2 Spanish Network was held in Madrid on
December 14. We summarize here the main information presented and discussed at the …

Because HTLV-I, HTLV-2, and HIV share identical modes of transmission, simultaneous or
subsequent infections with these retroviruses are to be expected. The population of Santos …